Deep Vein Thrombosis

1. Epidemiology

1.1. W > M

1.2. found more often in industrialized countries

1.3. 1 in 1,000 people in the US

1.4. Age

2. Clinical Presentation

2.1. Redness

2.2. Painful

2.2.1. swelling

2.2.2. lactic acid buildup

3. Diagnosis

3.1. Ultrasound

3.2. Assessment

3.3. blood work

3.3.1. d-dimer

3.3.2. coag studies

4. Treatment

4.1. heparin

4.2. warfarin

4.3. inferior vena cava filter

5. Risk Factors

5.1. Triad of Virchow

5.1.1. venous stasis

5.1.1.1. CHF

5.1.1.2. age

5.1.1.3. immobility

5.1.1.3.1. surgery

5.1.1.3.2. long car/plane rides

5.1.2. venous endothelial damage

5.1.2.1. trauma

5.1.2.2. IV meds

5.1.3. hypercoagulable states

5.1.3.1. malignancy

5.1.3.2. pregnancy

5.1.3.3. oral birth control

5.1.3.4. genitics

5.1.3.4.1. factor V Leiden mutation

5.1.3.4.2. prothrombin mutations

5.1.3.4.3. Protein deficiencies

6. Pathophysiology

6.1. poor venous return > venous stasis >blood pools and forms clot

6.2. Damage to vessel wall and leaflets

6.3. Hyperlipidemia

7. New Topic