1. Religion
1.1. Shang/Zhou
1.1.1. Much of what historians know comes from studying royal tombs.
1.1.2. Most of the tombs contained valuables like bronze and more efficient resources.
1.1.3. Shang religion center on the idea of ancestor warship.
1.1.4. They had many god and many spirits of nature that they had practiced. Everything for them revolved around the gods.
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1.2. Sumerians
1.2.1. Sumerians honored their gods in religious ceremonies.
1.2.2. Priests washed their gods statues before and after every meal that was eaten.
1.2.3. The food was eaten after it had been presented to the gods.
1.3. Music sounded an incense burned as they ate huge plates of food.
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2. Science and Technology
2.1. Shang/Zhou
2.1.1. dyeing of yarns and woven materials like silk and linen
2.1.2. Started multi-color lacquering of wooden or bamboo objects
2.1.3. They had begin to start glass production.
2.1.4. They started to develop way to heal people and make few medicines.
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2.2. Sumerians
2.2.1. Sumerians are perhaps remembered most for their many inventions which evolved and helped to make life easier.
2.2.2. Some inventions dealt with military formations.
2.2.3. Sumerians developed a complex system of sewers and flush toilets to help cities of waste and unhealthy affects of swamps.
2.2.4. They came up with the concept of dividing the hour into 60 minutes and the minute into 60 seconds.
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3. Geography and Agriculture
3.1. Shang/Zhou
3.1.1. Long rivers such as the Yangzi and the Yellow river provided the civilization with water fish and fertile soil from the spring flooding.
3.1.2. The fertile soil is majorly because of the type of soil in the area (loess) but also because of the annual river flooding.
3.1.3. The climate is ideal because the area gets lots of rain but also has a warm climate due to the areas proximity to the equator
3.1.4. Isolated Valleys made it a good place to grow crops mainly because of the flooding. But not only were the valleys isolated the whole are of southern china was isolated mainly because of the Himalayas and the Gobi Dessert.
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3.2. Sumerians
3.2.1. With the civilization residing in between two rivers it left the civilization with lots of water and left the area with silt that is very good for farming.
3.2.2. The swamps and the valleys also made the area a good place for farming because the valleys is the run off for all the water and the swamps are also an area of wetland.
3.2.3. With little rain fall the civilization had to rely on the spring flooding and the rivers for most of its water
3.2.4. Although living in a valley between two rivers with swamp land is very good for farming it is also has some negatives. some examples are swamp land might be to wet or the the rivers may overflow or wipe out the crops.
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4. Arts and Education
4.1. Shang/Zhou
4.1.1. Chinese writing was originated by this civilization using oracle bones or bones with symbols on them.
4.1.2. They worked with bronze often. They used bronze as a worship material
4.1.3. They also built many complex tombs and buildings
4.1.4. This civilization also made one of the first calender's based on the cycles of the moon
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4.2. Sumerians
4.2.1. The Sumerian architecture includes the uses of arches, ramps, and colums all visible on the ziggurats.
4.2.2. Sculptures include statues with large wide open eyes, as well as small objects carved out of ivory.
4.2.3. There most famous design was cylinders with many carved out designs.
4.2.4. People used cylinder seals to sign document or show ownership to others.
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5. Governments and leaders
5.1. Shang/Zhou
5.1.1. The Shang Zhou civilization was a monarchy the king sat in a court surrounded by rich nobles who did religious rituals to help the civilization succeed. With the Civilization of china being so large Governors were appointed to rule far kingdoms
5.1.2. China was largly an agriculture society so the farmers were often in the farm farming. When they were not they were helping the army in wars or helping the slaves.
5.1.3. The Army was not only responsible for fighting wars but for stopping rebellions in side the civilization
5.1.4. On their free time they hunted for sport and collected valuables
5.2. Sumerians
5.2.1. Originally this civilization was lead by priests eventually war chiefs began to rule as kings Eventually these kings developed the government into dynasties.
5.2.2. The Sumerian civilization was taken over by many empires and only part of the original culture was taken each time so Sumerians played a major roll in the developing of Mesopotamia
5.2.3. The civilization was originally taken over by the Akkadians who were a military run empire they kept many of the ways of the original Sumerians.
5.2.4. When the Akkadian empire fell the Babylonian empire took over they placed the first of code of conduct for the Sumerians and the area.
6. Social Structure and Family Life
6.1. Shang Zhou
6.1.1. The leader of each clan is the oldest and wisest man they made the trade decisions
6.1.2. Clans would have arranged marriages between children so they could become one and share and trade resources
6.1.3. Majority of people had children to distribute labor and strengthen their army
6.1.4. woman watched children men farmed and were in the army
6.2. Samerians
6.2.1. Men are considered superior because of the work they do in the field and at war while the women raise children
6.2.2. Social structure went from priests to upper class to farmers to slaves
6.2.3. Sumerians got most of their materials through trade it built their social structure
6.2.4. The social structure changed multiple times for the sumerians because they changed empires many times
7. Economy and Trade
7.1. Shang/Zhou
7.1.1. During the shang period China was ruled by a strong monarchy .
7.1.2. To keep order in china the king appointed governors to rule distant parts of the kingdom.
7.1.3. Besides fighting opponent from outside china the army was responsible for preventing rebellions.
7.1.4. Shang china was largely an agricultural society most people spent their time in feilds tending crops from time to time farmers were called upon to fight in the army.
7.2. Sumerians
7.2.1. They traded textiles for metals timber and stones.
7.2.2. Traded with people from southwest asia and beyond.
7.2.3. Men held political power and made laws while the woman took care of the home and children.
7.2.4. A few upper class woman received education and served as priestesses in the temple.